Multi-Agent Procedural Graph Extraction with Structural and Logical Refinement

Automatically extracting workflows as procedural graphs from natural language is promising yet underexplored, demanding both structural validity and logical alignment. While recent large language models (LLMs) show potential for procedural graph extraction, they often produce ill-formed structures or misinterpret logical flows. We present text2flow, a multi-agent framework that formulates procedural graph extraction as a multi-round reasoning process with dedicated structural and logical refinement. The framework iterates through three stages: (1) a graph extraction phase with the graph builder agent, (2) a structural feedback phase in which a simulation agent diagnoses and explains structural defects, and (3) a logical feedback phase in which a semantic agent aligns semantics between flow logic and linguistic cues in the source text. Important feedback is prioritized and expressed in naturallanguage, which is injected into subsequent prompts, enabling interpretable and controllable refinement. This modular design allows agents to target distinct error types without supervision or parameter updates. Experiments demonstrate that text2flow achieves substantial improvements in both structural correctness and logical consistency over strong baselines.

DeepSieve: Information Sieving via LLM-as-a-Knowledge-Router

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at many reasoning tasks but struggle with knowledge-intensive queries due to their inability to dynamically access up-to-date or domain-specific information. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising solution, enabling LLMs to ground their responses in external sources. However, existing RAG methods lack fine-grained control over both the query and source sides, resulting in noisy retrieval, shallow reasoning, and limited adaptability to heterogeneous knowledge sources. In this work, we introduce DeepSieve, a novel RAG method that incorporates information sieving via LLM-as-a-knowledge-router. DeepSieve breaks down complex queries into structured sub-queries and recursively routes each to the most appropriate knowledge source, filtering out irrelevant information through a multi-stage information sieving process. This modular and transparent approach ensures that DeepSieve remains adaptable across diverse information needs. Experiments on three multi-hop QA benchmarks involving heterogeneous sources show that DeepSieve achieves greater reasoning depth, retrieval precision, and interpretability compared to conventional RAG approaches. Our codes are available at https://github.com/MinghoKwok/DeepSieve.

Decoding Time Series with LLMs: A Multi-Agent Framework for Cross-Domain Annotation

Time series data is ubiquitous across various domains, including manufacturing, finance, and healthcare. High-quality annotations are essential for effectively understanding time series and facilitating downstream tasks. However, obtaining such annotations is challenging, particularly in mission-critical domains. In this paper, we propose TESSA, a multi-agent system designed to automatically generate both general and domain-specific annotations for time series data. TESSA introduces two agents: a general annotation agent and a domain-specific annotation agent. The general agent captures common patterns and knowledge across multiple source domains, leveraging both time-series-wise and text-wise features to generate general annotations. Meanwhile, the domain-specific agent utilizes limited annotations from the target domain to learn domain-specific terminology and generate targeted annotations. Extensive experiments on multiple synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that TESSA effectively generates high-quality annotations, outperforming existing methods.

Interpretability and Implicit Model Semantics in Biomedicine and Deep Learning

We introduce a framework to analyse interpretability in deep learning, by drawing on a formal notion of model semantics from the philosophy of science. We argue that interpretability is only one aspect of a model’s semantics and illustrate our framework with examples from biomedicine.

Mobile Orbital Domain-based Hierarchical Routing in Satellite Networks

We propose a mobile orbital domain-based hierarchical routing scheme which addresses the challenges posed by constant satellite movement and the resulting dynamicnetwork topology, thus significantly improving the routing scalability and efficiency in satellite networks.

Frequency-Division Multiplexed Time-Interleaved Phase-OTDR with Nested Phase References

We propose a method to compensate the phase offset between samples from different tributaries in time-interleaved phase OTDR using nested phase reference channels. We demonstrate our method for a four-span bidirectional link with high-loss loopback.

Field study on phase and polarization dynamics of deployed anti-resonant hollow core fiber cable for vibration sensing

We report the first field study of the phase and polarization dynamics of deployed antiresonant hollow core fiber cable in a data center interconnect for real-world vibration sensing,revealing enhanced phase sensitivity and significantly faster polarization angular rate compared with standard single mode fibers.

Agnostic QoT Probing via Receiver-Side ASE Loading in a Production Metro for Transparent Datacenter Exchange

We demonstrate agnostic QoT probing for datacenter exchange in a metro network via receiver-side ASE loading. Knowing BER telemetry and the progressive ASEload, the device estimates GSNR, enabling IPoWDM operations and digital-twin calibration.

Yangmin Ding Presents at the 5th Workshop on Foundation Models of the Electric Grid on March 18th

As AI data centers grow, the fiber-optic networks that connect massive computing clusters become critical infrastructure. This talk explores how Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) can turn communication cables into real-time sensors that detect physical threats and improve cyber-physical resilience.

Influential NEC Researchers in the United States Who Helped Shape Modern Computing

Many pioneers of modern artificial intelligence and machine learning spent part of their careers at NEC research labs in the United States. Researchers such as Yann LeCun, Vladimir Vapnik, Léon Bottou, Corinna Cortes, and others contributed foundational ideas in deep learning, statistical learning theory, speech recognition, and computer vision.