LINKS Foundation is a non-profit research organization based in Turin, Italy, established in 2018 through the merger of Istituto Superiore Mario Boella (ISMB) and SiTI. It focuses on applied research and innovation in areas such as artificial intelligence, optical communications, and smart cities, collaborating closely with academia, industry, and public institutions. NEC Laboratories America collaborates with LINKS Foundation to advance research in optical networking, environmental sensing, and data analytics. This partnership leverages both institutions’ expertise to develop innovative solutions for modern communication and sensing challenges. Read our latest publications with LINKS Foundation.

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Closed-Form Statistical Modeling of PDL-Induced SNR Margins for Reliable Optical Networks

We develop closed-form formulas for PDL-induced SNR margins using solutions based on central limit theorem. Experimental validations confirm accurate and conservative performancepredictions, enabling precise quality of transmission assessment and margin-aware design in optical networks.

Agnostic QoT Probing via Receiver-Side ASE Loading in a Production Metro for Transparent Datacenter Exchange

We demonstrate agnostic QoT probing for datacenter exchange in a metro network via receiver-side ASE loading. Knowing BER telemetry and the progressive ASEload, the device estimates GSNR, enabling IPoWDM operations and digital-twin calibration.

Enhancing EDFAs Greybox Modeling in Optical Multiplex Sections Using Few-Shot Learning

We combine few-shot learning and grey-box modeling for EDFAs in optical lines, training a single EDFA model on 500 spectral loads and transferring it to other EDFAs using 4-8 samples, maintaining low OSNR prediction error.

QoT Digital Twin for Bridging Physical Layer Knowledge Gaps in Multi-Domain Networks

We propose building a spectrally resolved QoT Digital Twin for optical network domains where models and telemetry are unavailable, by probing transmission on a singlespectral slot, using GNPy, and demonstrating accurate experimental results.

Statistical Assessment of System Margin in Metro Networks Impaired by PDL

We experimentally justify the need of analyzing stochastic PDL insertion inboptical metro network nodes. Consequently, we assess conservative OSNR margin comparingdifferent approaches to the case with maxwellian-distributed PDL, through Monte Carlo simulation.

A Smart Sensing Grid for Road Traffic Detection Using Terrestrial Optical Networks and Attention-Enhanced Bi-LSTM

We demonstrate the use of existing terrestrial optical networks as a smart sensing grid, employing a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model enhanced with an attention mechanism to detect road vehicles. The main idea of our approach is to deploy a fast, accurate and reliable trained deep learning model in each network element that is constantly monitoring the state of polarization (SOP) of data signals traveling through the optical line system (OLS). Consequently, this deployment approach enables the creation of a sensing smart grid that can continuously monitor wide areas and respond with notifications/alerts for road traffic situations. The model is trained on the synthetic dataset and tested on the real dataset obtained from the deployed metropolitan fiber cable in the city of Turin. Our model is able to achieve 99% accuracy for both synthetic and real datasets.

Enhancing Optical Multiplex Section QoT Estimation Using Scalable Gray-box DNN

In Optical Multiplex Section (OMS) control and optimization framework, end-to-end (Global) and span-by-span (Local) DNN gray-box strategies are compared in terms of scalability and accuracy of the output signal and noise power predictions. Experimental measurements are carried out in OMSs with increasing number of spans.

GNPy Experimental Validation in a C+L Multiband Optical Multiplex Section

The GNPy quality-of-transmission estimator has undergone improvements and rigorous experimental validation in a C+L multiband transmission scenario. This includes the incorporation of a disaggregated generalized Gaussian noise model, along with advanced modeling of amplifiers and transceivers. The recently proposed implementation demonstrates notable enhancements, offering highly accurate GSNR predictions on commercial C+L-band equipment while significantly reducing computation time.

Optical Amplified Line Self-Healing Using GNPy as a Service by the SDN Control

A control architecture for a partially disaggregated optical network is proposed using a GNPy-based digital twin for QoT estimation. The proposed implementation enables soft failure mitigation by autonomously adjusting the amplifier working points.

Deep Learning Gain and Tilt Adaptive Digital Twin Modeling of Optical Line Systems for Accurate OSNR Predictions

We propose a deep learning algorithm trained on varied spectral loads and EDFA working points to generate a digital twin of an optical line system able to optimize line control and to enhance OSNR predictions.